Abstract

While the hippocampus is a recognized hub for memory processing, recent research has challenged the long-held assumption of homogeneity within its circuits, revealing an astonishing degree of diversity among its principal neurons.

This symposium will trace the role of hippocampal diversity from development to adulthood, encompassing both physiological and pathological contexts, to offer new insights into how the hippocampus may exploit parallel processing channels to support its functions. Our goal is to explore how hippocampal cellular diversity underlies distinct computational functions that support memory. Thus, we will examine how unique neuronal subpopulations, marked by specific developmental trajectories, gene expression, or connectivity patterns, contribute to various stages of memory processing. Key objectives include (1) discussing the distinct roles played by these subpopulations in the creation of an internal representation of experience, and in the encoding, consolidation, and retrieval of memories; (2) exploring how developmental and genetic factors lead to cellular and functional diversity; and (3) understanding the potential impact of age or disease on these systems. By these means, we hope to reveal how neuronal diversity might contribute to specific cognitive functions, provide resilience or vulnerability to disorders, and expand our understanding of hippocampal networks from a new perspective rooted in functional specialization among subpopulations.